What does a resistor do in an electrical circuit?

• A. Stores energy
• B. Limits current flow
• C. Generates power
• D. Converts energy

Answer: (B)

A resistor plays a critical role in managing the flow of electric current within a circuit. Specifically, it limits or restricts the current that can pass through it, which is essential for protecting components from receiving too much current that could cause damage. By providing resistance to the flow of electric charge, a resistor can help regulate and control the voltage levels and current flow in various parts of the circuit.

The concept of resistance is defined by Ohm's law, which states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance. This allows engineers and technicians to design circuits that function reliably within their intended parameters.

Resistors do not store energy like capacitors do, generate power as power supplies or batteries do, nor do they convert energy from one form to another as transformers might. Their primary function is to resist the flow of current, ensuring that components receive the proper amount of current they need to operate correctly and safely. This makes limiting current flow the defining action of a resistor in an electrical circuit.